By,Through与With辨析(with by through 区别) |
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By , Through 与 With 辨析( with by through 区别)
By , Through 与 With 辨析
by, through 和 with 这三个介词都可表示完成某事的方法、力量、手段及媒 介。但在用法上却有一些重要区别。
1. by 通常直接介绍发生作用或影响的动因——即 :(1) 表达什么人、什么作用 ( 或力量 ) 造成了某种结果 ;(2) 表达我们做了什么事以取得预期的结果,用法上常与 动名词搭配。如 : The streets are lighted by electricity. 街道用电照明。
The church was designed by Wren. 这座教堂是 Wren 设计的。
He makes a living by teaching. 他靠教书为生。
By adding or changing a suffix , we can change a word from one class to another. 通过增加或改变后缀 , 可以改变一个词的词性。
此外, by 还常用来指交通工具 ( 如 by bus. by car. by train 等 ) 。
2. through 介绍的对象比较间接—— (1) 常与指人或物的名词一起使用,表示 媒介 ;(2) 其后接说明条件或状态的名词及动名词,表示事情发生的原因或方式。例 如 : I learned of the position through a newspaper advertisement. 我从一则报纸的厂告获知这个职位。
We heard about it through some friends. 我们从一些朋友们那里听说此事。
The war was lost through bad organization. 由于组织不当,战争失败了。
We lost ourselves through not knowing the way. |
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